Title

Force of Rubber Band Elasticity for Different Temperature Types

Problem Scenario

Does different temperatures affect the force of a rubber band?

Broad Question

What effects will different temperatures have on rubber band elasticity?

Specific Question

What happens to the elasticity of a rubber band when it is heated and cooled to various temperatures?

Hypothesis

I think hot water will have a bigger effect on the elasticity of the rubber bands.

Graph of Hypothesis

Variables

Independent Variable:

Temperature types

Dependent Variable:

Elasticity

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:

Number of rubber bands
Size of rubber bands
Type of rubber band

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation

Force-strength;energy;power;intensity
Elasticity-The tendency of a body to return to its original shape after it has been stretched or compressed
Rubber Band-A loop of stretchy rubber for holding things together.

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General Plan

1. Cool and heat a total of 25 rubber bands in temperatures of 0◦c,20◦c,37◦c,58◦c,100◦c
2.Took each other rubber band and using a Verier Lab Quest and a Dual-Rane Force Sensor measured the force.
3.Then stretched each rubber band to a length of 30 cm. holding them for a count of 10 seconds.
4.Lastly averaged the force of each rubber band and graphed each trail

Potential Problems And Solutions

The rubber bands will be to hard to brake and I will have to stretch them to only a certain length.

Safety Or Environmental Concerns

Shooting someone in the eye with a rubber band or burning myself or others.

Experimental Design

Number Of Trials: 5

Number Of Subjects In Each trial: 5

When data will be collected: March 2012

Number of Observations: 12,024

Where will data be collected?: In Mr.Biche's science room

Resources and Budget Table

Item	Where will you get this?	Estimated Cost
Poster Board	Staples	$5.00
Rubber Bands	Home	$0.00
Water	Home	$0.00

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Background Research
Rubber bands are one of the most used products of the twentieth century. They are used by many people world wide for a variety of purposes. Rubber bands are a certain maxity of force and how much force the rubber band can hold when it is heated or cooled to different temperatures.

The ancient Mayan people used latex to make rubber balls, hollow human figures, and as bindings used to secure axe heads to their handles and other functions. Latex is the sap of various plants, mostly the rubber tree. When it is exposed to the air it hardens into a springy mass. The Mayans learned to mix the rubber sap with the juice from morning glory vines so that it became more durable and elastic, and didn't get quite as brittle. Both the rubber tree and the morning glory were important plants to the Mayan people. The two plants tended to grow close together. Combining their juices, a black substance about the texture of a gum-type pencil eraser was formed. Native peoples in the region still make rubber in the same way.

On March 17, 1845, Stephen Perry of the rubber manufacturing company Messers Perry and Co, Rubber Co Manuf London patented the first rubber bands made of vulcanized rubber. Perry invented the rubber band to hold papers or envelopes together.

Rubber bands all have a certain amount of force they can hold and stretch to.
Which force is the strengthor power exerted upon anobject. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force. Forces only exist as a result of an interaction.
There are three types of forces- gravitational force, electrical force, and magnetic force.
Force is measured using the standard metric unit known as the Newton.
Now a days people all around the world use rubber bands for just about everything. For over thousands of years we people have been using rubber/ rubber bands. Rubber bands help show a way of force and how a certain amount of elasticity take a certain amount of force before breaking. My experiment showed and shows how different temperatures affect the elasticity of a rubber bands force.

References

HowStuffWorks. Web. 25 Apr. 2012. <http://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/towing/towing-capacity/information/fpte2.htm>.
"The Meaning of Force." The Physics Classroom. Web. 01 May 2012. <http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/u2l2a.cfm>.

Detailed Procedure

1 I gathered 25 of the same size unused rubber bands.
2.I then heated and cooled 5 rubber band various temperature types- 1, 20, 37, 58, and 100.
3.Next took each rubber band and stretched each rubber band to 30 centimeters.
4.Using a Verier Lab Quest and a Dual-Rane Force Sensor I measured the force of each rubber band.
5.I held each rubber band for a timed count of 30 seconds.
6.I did processes of 25 times for each rubber band.
7.As each trail happened i saved and graph each trail.
8.After each trail was done and saved I copied the saved graphs to a spread sheet.
9.I then graphed a graph of the averages, Intercept, and the y-intercept slope.
10.I then printed each graph along with my data.

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Results

All Raw Data

Graphs

23

Photos

File Not Found

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Data Analysis

All three of my graphs are showing a repetitive pattern. The pattern that is being shown in these graphs is that the when the temperature of the rubber band is low and high the force of the rubber band is small. But when the temperature is at room temperature (38) the force is much larger.

In graph one the comparison that is being shown is a comparison of all the average forces for all the temperatures. The average is used to calculate the amount of force needed for the rubber band.

In graph two the comparison that is being shown the slope which is showing how fast the rubber band is losing its elasticity over a certain amount of time. Once again there is the same pattern going on where the lowest temperature uses the least amount of force and the middle temperature uses the most but now instead of the highest using the least amount of force it is showing that 100 uses the most amount of force but to get the rubber band heated to this degrees i had to heat the rubber band in water. So this may be the cause of why the pattern in this graph is different.

In graph three the comparison that is being shown is how the y intercept, the starting force of the rubber band, changes over time. Once again like graphs 1 and 2 the pattern is that same where the force is very small at the lowest and highest temperatures and then the force is very high at 37 degrees.

Conclusion

My hypothesis does not support my conclusion because my hypothesis was "I think hot water will have a bigger effect on the elasticity of the rubber bands." but the temperature that had the biggest effect on the rubber was 37 degrees which was the middle temperature values that I did. so over all my hypothesis did not support my conclusion.

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Discussion

In my project patterns that came up were that the lowest and highest temperatures had low forces and then the middle temperature had the highest. It went from low amount to force to greater amount of force back down to a low amount. In the end my hypothesis that I made was not right to what the result of my project was. I thought the hotter the rubber band was the bigger the affect on the rubber band there would be but instead the middle temperature type had the biggest affect.

Benefit to Community and/or Science

This benefits to the science community because of how some many machines use rubber bands and if the rubber is heat or cooled to a certain temperature will it have an affect on the elasticity of the rubber band. So in my project it shows how that when the rubber is heated or cooled to different temperature types that there is an affect on the elasticity of the rubber band.

Abstract

I chose this type of project because I wanted to see if an object is heated or cooled to different temperatures will there be a difference in the elasticity on the object and will that affect the force of the object. In this case I used rubber bands and I discovered at after doing this experiment that when the rubber is heated to about 37 degrees that the force was very high. I was trying to prove that the elasticity of rubber bands is much hard to pull wen the rubber band is heat or cooled. It was showing that it takes more force and less force when it is heated and cooled.